Difference between FR and PCRF in Telecom industry

**Free Resources (FR):**In telecommunications, "Free Resources" typically refers to the available resources within a network that can be allocated to different services, applications, or users. These resources can include:1. **Bandwidth:** The available data transfer rate that can be allocated to various services or applications. For example, if a network has a total bandwidth...

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Download older versions of PHP

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Differences between MSISDN, IMSI and ICCID in Telecom industry?

Let's compare MSISDN, IMSI, and ICCID in terms of their definitions, purposes, formats, and usage:1. **MSISDN (Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number):**   - **Definition:** MSISDN is a unique number that identifies a specific mobile subscriber in a telecommunication network. It's the actual phone number used to call or send messages to a mobile...

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Why the packages validity offered by Telecom Operators are generally for 28 days?

 Telecom packages are often offered in 28-day cycles for a few reasons, although it's worth noting that package durations can vary by region and provider. Here are some common reasons for the 28-day cycle:1. **Monthly Billing in a Shorter Period**: While a standard calendar month has about 30-31 days, telecom providers often offer packages with a duration of 28 days....

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Is DevOps a Job role or a Process ?

DevOps is primarily a set of practices, principles, and cultural philosophies that emphasize collaboration, automation, and integration between development and operations teams. It's not a specific job role, nor is it just a single process. Instead, DevOps represents a holistic approach to software development and deployment that aims to improve the efficiency, speed, and reliability of the entire software development lifecycle.While DevOps itself...

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What is DevOps ? (with Examples)

 DevOps, short for "Development" and "Operations," is a set of practices, principles, and cultural philosophies that aim to improve collaboration and communication between software development teams and IT operations teams. The primary goal of DevOps is to streamline and accelerate the software development and deployment process while maintaining a high level of reliability and stability.In traditional software development approaches, development...

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Difference between Hashing and Encryption in Computer Security (with Examples)

 Hashing and encryption are both cryptographic techniques used to protect data, but they serve different purposes and have distinct characteristics. Here's a breakdown of the key differences between hashing and encryption:1. **Purpose**:   - **Hashing**: Hashing is primarily used for data integrity and verification. It takes input data (often of variable length) and produces a fixed-size string of characters, known as a hash value...

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Physical IP Vs Virtual IP Vs SCAN IP (with Examples)

Physical IP, Virtual IP, and SCAN IP are terms often used in the context of networking and IT infrastructure. Let's break down the differences between these concepts:1. Physical IP (Internet Protocol):A physical IP address is a unique numerical label assigned to each device (like computers, routers, servers, etc.) connected to a network. It serves as an identifier that helps in routing data packets to the correct destination. Physical IP addresses...

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Free up large space on windows 11

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Must have APP for Eye protection from Computer screen | FLUX

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Use your LAN connection network to browse websites only accessible with...

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Best and light screenshot apps for working professionals on windows OS

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Things to consider before using Group by query in SQL

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Differences between RPM-based and Debian-based Operating System with examples

 The main difference between RPM-based and Debian-based operating systems lies in the package management systems they use and the package formats they support. These differences influence how software is installed, managed, and updated on each type of system.**RPM-based OS **:1. **Package Format**: RPM (RPM Package Manager) is the package format used in RPM-based distributions. RPM packages have the extension `.rpm`. These packages contain the...

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Difference between dnf, yum and apt in linux based operating system

 `dnf`, `yum`, and `apt` are package managers used in different Linux distributions. Each one has its specific features and is associated with different distributions.1. **dnf (Dandified YUM)**:   - Used primarily in RPM-based distributions like Fedora, CentOS 8, RHEL 8, and other derivatives.   - Provides a more modern and improved version of `yum`.   - Faster and more efficient due to the use of libsolv library...

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Difference between 'dnf' and 'yum' in Centos

`dnf` (Dandified YUM) has become the default package manager in CentOS 8 and newer versions. Both `dnf` and `yum` are package managers used in CentOS and other RPM-based Linux distributions, but there are some differences between the two:1. **Performance**: `dnf` is generally faster and more efficient than `yum`. It uses the libsolv library for dependency resolution, which is more powerful and faster than the `yum`-based resolver.2. **Command syntax**:...

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Various search operation options on Centos

Search for files or directories:In CentOS 7, you can use various commands and tools to search for files or folders. Here are some common methods:1. Using the `find` command:The `find` command is a powerful tool to search for files and directories based on various criteria.To search for a file named `filename.txt` starting from the root directory (/), open a terminal and run:find / -name "filename.txt"Replace `"filename.txt"` with the name of the...

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Uninstall MariaDB completely along with its dependencies from the Centos

 To uninstall MariaDB on CentOS 8, you can use the `yum` package manager. Follow these steps to uninstall MariaDB:1. **Stop the MariaDB service**:   Before uninstalling, it's better to stop the MariaDB service to avoid any issues. Open a terminal and run the following command:   sudo systemctl stop mariadb2. **Remove the MariaDB packages**:   Once the service is stopped, you can proceed to remove the MariaDB packages...

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Install MariaDB on Centos

 To install MariaDB on CentOS 8, follow these steps:1. Update the system packages:   Before installing any software, it's a good idea to update your system to ensure you have the latest packages. Open a terminal or SSH into your CentOS 8 server and run the following commands:   sudo dnf clean all   sudo dnf update2. Install MariaDB server:CentOS 8 uses the DNF package manager, so you can easily install MariaDB by...

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Solved: MariaDB failed to start with error message "job for mairadb.service failed because the control process exited with error code"

Here are some steps you can follow to resolve the issue:1. **Check for Running Processes**: As the logs indicate, another process is already using port 3306. You can verify this by running the following command:   sudo netstat -tulnp | grep 3306 The command will show you the process ID (PID) of the process using port 3306. Make a note of the PID.for example,[root@Pinrecovery ~]# sudo netstat -tulnp | grep 3306tcp6     ...

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Solution for "error 1045: access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no)"

The error message "1045: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no)" indicates that you are trying to connect to the MariaDB database server as the 'root' user without providing a password, but the server is expecting one.Here are some steps to troubleshoot and resolve the issue:1. Check your password:   Ensure that you are using the correct password for the 'root' user. By default, MariaDB sets an empty password for...

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Will "mysqli" extension work for MariaDB database?

Yes, `mysqli` can work with MariaDB in PHP. The `mysqli` extension stands for "MySQL Improved" and is designed to work with both MySQL and MariaDB databases. MariaDB is a fork of MySQL, so they share a lot of similarities and are largely compatible with each other.When you use the `mysqli` extension in PHP, you can connect to both MySQL and MariaDB databases using the same functions and methods. This is because the `mysqli` extension provides an...

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Install oci8 on centos 8

 Install oci8 on centos 8 Now that you have the necessary tools and libraries installed, you can proceed with the next steps to install the OCI8 extension for PHP on CentOS 8: 1. Install the Oracle Instant Client:   - Download the Oracle Instant Client RPM packages for your architecture from the Oracle website (https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/linux-x86-64-downloads.html). You'll need  oracle-instantclient-basic...

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Install Apache, PHP on Centos 8

 Apache installation on centos 8 To install Apache on CentOS 8, you can use the `dnf` package manager, which is the replacement for `yum` in CentOS 8. Here's a step-by-step guide to installing Apache:   1. Open a terminal on your CentOS 8 system.   2. Update the package list to ensure you have the latest information about available packages: sudo dnf update   3. Install Apache using the `dnf` package manager: sudo dnf...

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Run/Test website on Smartphone that is hosted on local PC

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Control session in PHP to prevent unauthorized access of pages directly ...

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